Red Hat Linux 9.0 Installation Tutorials And Notes

Step By Step Guide To Installing Red Hat Linux

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Define Red Hat Linux

Red Hat Linux, assembled by the company Red Hat, was a popular Linux based operating system until its discontinuation in 2004.

Early releases of Red Hat Linux were called Red Hat Commercial Linux; Red Hat first published the software on November 3, 1994. It was the first Linux distribution to use the RPM Package Manager as its packaging format, and over time has served as the starting point for several other distributions, such as Mandriva Linux and Yellow Dog Linux.

In 2003, Red Hat discontinued the Red Hat Linux line in favor of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) for enterprise environments. Fedora, developed by the community-supported Fedora Project and sponsored by Red Hat, is the free version best suited for home use. Red Hat Linux 9, the final release, hit its official end-of-life on April 30, 2004, although updates were published for it through 2006 by the Fedora Legacy project until that shut down in early 2007.

Features

Version 3.0.3 was one of the first Linux distributions to support Executable and Linkable Format instead of the older a.out format.

Red Hat Linux introduced a graphical installer called Anaconda, intended to be easy to use for novices, and which has since been adopted by some other Linux distributions. It also introduced a built-in tool called Lokkit for configuring the firewall capabilities.

In version 6 Red Hat moved to glibc 2.1, egcs-1.2, and to the 2.2 kernel. It also introduced Kudzu, a software library for automatic discovery and configuration of hardware.

Version 7 was released in preparation for the 2.4 kernel, although the first release still used the stable 2.2 kernel. Glibc was updated to version 2.1.92, which was a beta of the upcoming version 2.2 and Red Hat used a patched version of GCC from CVS that they called "2.96". The decision to ship an unstable GCC version was due to GCC 2.95's bad performance on non-i386 platforms, especially DEC Alpha. Newer GCCs had also improved support for the C++ standard, which caused much of the existing code not to compile.

In particular, the use of a non-released version of GCC caused some criticism, e.g. from Linus Torvalds' and The GCC Steering Committee; Red Hat was forced to defend their decision. GCC 2.96 failed to compile the Linux kernel, and some other software used in Red Hat, due to stricter checks. It also had an incompatible C++ ABI with other compilers. The distribution included a previous version of GCC for compiling the kernel, called "kgcc".

As of Red Hat Linux 8.0, UTF-8 was enabled as the default character encoding for the system. This had little effect on English-speaking users, but enabled much easier internationalisation and seamless support for multiple languages, including ideographic, bi-directional and complex script languages along with European languages. However, this did cause some negative reactions among existing Western European users, whose legacy ISO-8859-based setups were broken by the change.

Version 8.0 was also the second to include the Bluecurve desktop theme. It used a common theme for GNOME-2 and KDE 3.0.2 desktops, as well as OpenOffice-1.0. KDE members did not appreciate the change, claiming that it was not in the best interests of KDE.

Version 9 supported the Native POSIX Thread Library, which was ported to the 2.4 series kernels by Red Hat.

Red Hat Linux lacked many features due to possible copyright and patent problems. For example, MP3 support was disabled in both Rhythmbox and XMMS; instead, Red Hat recommended using Ogg Vorbis, which has no patents. MP3 support, however, could be installed afterwards, although royalties are required everywhere MP3 is patented. Support for Microsoft's NTFS file system was also missing, but could be freely installed as well.

Fedora

Red Hat Linux was originally developed exclusively inside Red Hat, with the only feedback from users coming through bug reports and contributions to the included software packages – not contributions to the distribution as such. This was changed in late 2003 when Red Hat Linux merged with the community-based Fedora Project. The new plan is to draw most of the codebase from Fedora when creating new Red Hat Enterprise Linux distributions. Fedora replaces the original Red Hat Linux download and retail version. The model is similar to the relationship between Netscape Communicator and Mozilla, or StarOffice and OpenOffice.org, although in this case the resulting commercial product is also fully free software.

Nomenclature

The official nameset of the Red Hat Linux distribution was Red Hat Linux (often abbreviated to RHL). The first part, Red Hat, is that of the Red Hat software company. The second part, Linux, refers to the underlying Linux kernel written by Linus Torvalds.

Version history

Release dates were drawn from announcements on comp.os.linux.announce. Version names are chosen as to be cognitively related to the prior release, yet not related in the same way as the release before that.

The Fedora and Red Hat Projects were merged on September 22, 2003.

                                          x86 release history

Version   Code name             Release date             End-of-life date   Kernel version
1             Mother's Day         12 November 1994     ??                         1.2.8
1.1          Mother's Day+0.1 1 August 1995             ??                         1.2.11
2.0           -                            20 September 1995     ??                         1.2.13-2
2.1          Bluesky                 23 November 1995     ??                   1.2.13
3.0.3     Picasso                   1 May 1996                 ??                         1.2.13
4.0        Colgate                   3 October 1996           ??                         2.0.18
4.1          Vanderbilt               3 February 1997         ??                         2.0.27
4.2          Biltmore                 19 May 1997              ??                          2.0.30-2
5.0          Hurricane               1 December 1997     ??                          2.0.32-2
5.1          Manhattan              22 May 1998              ??                          2.0.34-0.6
5.2          Apollo                    2 November 1998     ??                         2.0.36-0.7
6.0          Hedwig                  26 April 1999              ??                         2.2.5-15
6.1        Cartman                 4 October 1999     ??                         2.2.12-20
6.2          Zoot                       3 April 2000               ??                          2.2.14-5.0
6.2E     Enterprise     2000-??-??                  ??                         2.2.1?
7            Guinness                 25 September 2000     ??                         2.2.16-22
7.1         Seawolf                  16 April 2001              ??                         2.4.2-2
7.2         Enigma                   22 October 2001         ??                          2.4.7-10
7.3         Valhalla        6 May 2002                 ??                          2.4.18-3
8.0         Psyche                   30 September 2002     ??                         2.4.18-14
9            Shrike                    31 March 2003        ??                          2.4.20-8

ITKiDuniyaa Explains Red Hat Linux In Simple Words

Red Hat is a leading software company in the business of assembling open source components for the Linux operating system and related programs into a distribution package that can easily be ordered and implemented.

Red Hat was one of the first companies to realize that "free" software could be sold as a product. After examining the successful marketing campaign of Evian water, Red Hat concluded that to achieve success, the company had to create more Linux users and brand Red Hat as the Linux name that customers preferred. Today, the "Red Hat Plan" is discussed as a model in business schools.

The advantages to buying the distribution from Red Hat, rather than assembling it yourself at no cost, is the support you receive. Red Hat offers services that aren't provided as quickly by individual component developers, including members of the Free Software Foundation. Like all free software, Red Hat's packages allow the buyer to modify and even resell modified versions of code as long as they do not restrict anyone else from further modification.

Red Hat provides over 400 different software packages, including the C language compiler from Cygnus, a Web server from Apache, and the X Window System from X Consortium.

ITKiDuniyaa Explains Red Hat Linux In Short Words

Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) is a distribution of the Linux operating system developed for the business market. RHEL was formerly known as Red Hat Linux Advanced Server.

RHEL 5 was made available in six versions:

    RHEL (formerly called ES, which was sometimes said to stand for economy or entry-level server)
    RHEL Advanced Platform (formerly called AS, which was sometimes said to stand for Advanced or Application Server)
    RHEL Desktop
    RHEL Desktop with Multi-OS option
    RHEL Desktop with Workstation and Multi-OS option
    RHEL Desktop with Workstation option (former WS)

Software in RHEL 5 distribution includes:

    Linux kernel 2.6.18
    Apache 2.2.3
    MySQL 5.0.22
    PHP 5.1.6
    PostgreSQL 8.1.4

RHEL is based on free, open source code. Although Red Hat makes its source code available for download, verbatim copying of the distribution is forbidden.

How To Install Red Hat Linux 9.0 Tutorial In Urdu